Volume 57, Number 7


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Harry Magdoff and John Bellamy Foster


December 2005

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
by Denise Bergman

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Notes From
the Editors

Crossing Race and Nationality: The Racial Formation of Asian Americans, 1852-1965
by Bob Wing

The Glory and the Gutting: Steeler Nation and the Humiliation of Pittsburgh
by Charles McCollester

Labor, the State, and the Struggle for a Democratic Zimbabwe
by Patrick Bond and Richard Saunders


Denise Bergman is author of Seeing Annie Sullivan (Cedar Hill Books, 2005), poems based on the early life of Helen Keller’s teacher, and the editor of an anthology of urban poetry, City River Voices (West End Press, 1992).


Let not those who deny thee to us,
make of thee a graven image and invite us
to bow down to it

writes Saum Song Bo. He says, graven, an idol beyond us
stone or steel, unalive

he says deny, foot barely on shore, spun around, go home

How to escape exclusion, keep one step ahead of the tiger’s teeth
snapping at your heels?

He says those, their Central Pacific dreams of gold rumbling along
on a bed of a thousand Chinese lives

the traincar rhythm not/your/tired/your/poor, your/tired
your/poor, not/the/tempest/tossed, the/tempest/tossed

not the yearning/yearning/yearning to breathe free
a chant hammered into gospel, sung out loud, written in ink

sealed into law, so easy, it’s always been.


(Saum Song Bo aspired to be a U.S. citizen. From a letter, 1885.)


Disassembled Wonder
by Denise Bergman

(The Statue of Liberty arrived in New York in 1888 in 214 wooden crates)

Disassembled wonder: crates and a box of jangling bolts,
instructions: how to build a liberty

Longshore cousins of a Polish leatherworker, Irish farmer,
olive presser from Spain queued since daybreak
(thermos of coffee and blood sausage on crusty day-old)
hoist the swinging puzzle blocks ship to dock

Thank you France for your daughter’s sandaled toes,
trim dressed torso, legs, torch-flexed arm, and mouth

mouth of the mother of the sculptor who dreams colossus

We wait to hear give me your tired your poor,
yearning to breathe free

but she is babe in the woods, not fully assembled
a bolted welded steel and copper, innocent iron

sheet over scaffold and air

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